Symptoms of varicose veins of the lower extremities

Varicose veins in the legs are one of the most common diseases that occur in many women of all ages. Men also suffer from this, but less so. In very rare cases, people with such symptoms seek medical attention immediately. Everyone tries to treat themselves as temporary manifestations. Varicose veins of the foot are often confused with an overworked body tired of daily work and intense work.

The peculiarity of varicose veins in the legs is that the treatment only helps especially well in the early stages of the disease, but not in the end, when there are more and more manifestations every day. If everything is missed accidentally, surgery is required in extreme stages. The disease progresses gradually. Especially if it goes with vascular insufficiency.

With varicose veins of the lower extremities, the symptoms disappear with pathological enlargement and hemodynamic disorders. Venous valves do not work well. Over time, all of this worsens with thrombophlebitis, phlebothrombosis, and pulmonary thromboembolism.

The onset of the disease

The first symptoms of varicose veins in the legs are related to the malfunction of the valves of the veins, which leads to bleeding. Endothelial cells receive a signal from the slowing blood flow. Leukocytes are installed on them. Thus, the inflammatory process begins in the vessel walls that run along the vascular bed. The inflammatory process catalyzes the destruction of the venous walls.

The whole pressure in the venous valve system is stronger. To begin with, the lesion is most noticeable in the most loaded areas - perforated veins and large and small saphenous veins. After that, the channel begins to fill more than normal. This is the continuation of the redistribution of venous blood in the walls. And below, often, there is more. All this volume reaches the deep veins smoothly and extends everything around. Dilation of the valve segments and venous insufficiency occur.

Reasons

Phlebologists identify a number of causes of pathologies in the vascular system. This may be due to a combination of genetic predisposition and adverse effects on the human body. Hereditary traits manifest themselves not only in women but also in men. The disease can go inside for a long time, but does not manifest itself outside. After that, failure of the venous valves due to some external catalysts causes the first manifestations in the skin.

The following are important causes of the disease:

• age parameters;
• hormone deficiency;
• diabetes;
• persistent constipation;
• periods after surgery or injury;
• alcohol and tobacco addiction;
• hypercoagulability and overweight;
• duration of birth and pregnancy;
• underwear that compresses different parts of the body;
• long periods of idleness and high loads in the workplace;
• congenital defects of the circulatory system;
• living in unsuitable conditions due to climate.

Symptoms

Diseases of the arteries of the legs are not a simple blue discoloration with long paths in the form of trees. They are often called vascular stars. This is far from the first stage, and even the name of such a phenomenon - intradermal varicose veins. As we wrote earlier, this situation can occur due to many factors, including pregnant girls. The human body is gradually rebuilt under the influence of hormones. It is not dangerous, except for anxiety due to external manifestations. Young ladies don't want to be seen outside in blue. Such manifestations of low varicose veins can be eliminated with cosmetic devices, adjusting your diet and switching to the recommended dietary products.

The blue mesh shows most patients that the lower extremities are a harmless type of varicose veins.

Human health does not suffer from this in any way, but living with such a problem for a long time is still unpleasant. Experts advise you to go to specialized cosmetology clinics, where you can prescribe a course of medication consisting of herbs, lotions, gels and ointments. It is a combination of traditional medicine and classical clinical research.

If any swelling or puffiness is already protracted, it is necessary to consult a doctor immediately. You can't treat yourself here. If you have pain in the legs with varicose veins, if you have symptoms that are difficult to diagnose, contact a therapist. In general, varicose veins of the lower extremities are very difficult to remove completely, as evidenced by the symptoms and treatment of the photo. In advanced cases, you should even contact the surgery department where the operation will be performed. The onset of varicose veins in the legs is characterized by heaviness, edema and some cramps in the extremities. All these symptoms of varicose veins tell us directly that you have a condition that can be treated only under the supervision of a doctor.

If you see redness on the skin, discomfort when walking, constricted blood vessel walls, and a rise in temperature, it is a serious disease called thrombophlebitis.

There is a danger of losing your health. If you do not pay attention to all these signs of varicose veins for a long time, several deaths occur every year. Generally, a patient with an existing symptom is immediately hospitalized for long-term treatment. Even if you see only one symptom, there is no need to wait for the weather near the sea. Go to the clinic immediately and you will see more there.

Classification

In 2000, a classification with 4 degrees of varicose veins in the legs was proposed:

1. Dilated veins inside the segment-type skin. Venous discharge is not noticeable.
2. Segmented dilated vessels with reflux.
3. Dilated veins with reflux in all areas of the lower extremities.
4. Dilated veins with varicose reflux that penetrates deep veins.

In addition, medical professionals identify pathological changes that increase not only in the legs - varicose veins begin in the mouth of the saphenous vein.

When determining the type of disease, they also look at the level of venous insufficiency.

Zero - the disease does not exist in humans, the first is heaviness in the legs, the second is the manifestation of edema, the third is persistent edema, eczema, increased pigmentation, lipodermatosclerosis, the fourth is the formation of trophic ulcers.

Diagnostics

Initially, the method of examination by a phlebologist is simply external, ie the doctor examines the external changes in the legs. Most likely, already at this stage, an approximate diagnosis is made, but it never ends there. Then perform a number of general research and diagnostic procedures:

• blood test;
• x-ray;
• rheovasography and duplex scanning;
• Doppler ultrasound and plethysmography.

Treatment

Varicose veins of the lower extremities are easily treated in the early stages. The whole procedure works to normalize blood circulation, blood flow and prevent any complications. All this helps to improve the general condition of the body. Therapeutic methods are divided into two types.

Conservative treatment is most commonly used when the first signs of varicose veins appear in the legs. The skin is affected, but these are not certain segments. Man goes on with his normal life. The disease does not affect anything except the psychological state.

Surgery is recommended when the disease manifests itself in large areas with clear lines, small bumps and ulcers. Rehabilitation often begins with minimally invasive procedures, but sometimes, with extreme negligence, full-fledged surgery comes to the rescue.

Conservative technique

The patient is prescribed a complex course:

1. Specialists try to avoid all possible risks of the disease. Varicose veins in the legs are examined by a phlebologist who can clinically examine the patient.
2. They begin to struggle with adynamism. If there is no thrombosis, you should actively engage in sports, loading your body evenly and training your lower extremities vigorously. Intensity is already being discussed with a physiotherapist. They often have to swim, run and ride bicycles. It is recommended to wear sports underwear with extra compression. You should keep your feet high for a few minutes before training. Patients are not recommended to engage in contact sports: power martial arts, football, hockey. Elastic bandages are used for better fixation of the legs.

3. Compression knits and elastic bandages are not only needed in sports. They try to treat the symptoms of varicose veins of the lower extremities. Used properly, it can improve venous circulation. Such treatment is often prescribed for a limited time.
4. Take medicine. A course of medication is prescribed for all stages of the development of varicose veins. Improper use of pills for the disease can only worsen the situation. If the doctor follows the instructions, the patient can get rid of any bright manifestations on his feet within a month. All prescribed drugs belong to different groups of drugs that have anti-inflammatory effects and are associated with angioprotectants, phlebotonics, desogregants or anticoagulants.
5. Physiotherapy always includes a complex to combat the symptoms of varicose veins of the legs. All of them, first of all, affect the restoration of the tone of the venous walls, lymphatic drainage and improve blood circulation. A range of drugs are prescribed, from magnetic and laser therapy to pneumocompression and hyperbaric oxygenation. Often these are oxygen and mineral baths. If there are no contraindications and side effects, the patient is prescribed massage exercises. Moreover, it can sometimes be done alone at home. They are also treated with hirudotherapy and apitherapy.

Surgical techniques

Venous diseases are sometimes treated by surgeons when all the symptoms of the disease have accumulated and adversely affected each other, and the stage has moved to the last fourth stage. They try to fight in a minimally invasive way. Sclerotherapy with the application of certain substances that affect the walls of blood vessels. This is microsclerotherapy that directly affects the spider veins. This is a microthermocoagulation that works on a thin electrode, eliminating all bright external manifestations. These include laser endovasal coagulation and radiofrequency ablation of varicose veins - all of which have a thermal effect by affecting the affected areas of the veins. All this is necessary in order not to prescribe drastic measures and to conduct a real operation. Separate methods of a new type, which began to be applied only in the late 90's, already exist.

Transluminal phlebectomy: a thin probe is inserted into the lumen of the patient's vessel. As a result, the doctor monitors the entire operation. An anesthetic is given. All affected areas are removed by aspiration.

Endoscopic dissection: Perforated vessels are closed using endoscopic devices.

There are also operations to protect the arteries. It aims to restore the function of venous valves. There is a fixation of special structures that prevent the development of pathological nature. Sometimes hemodynamic operations are used to relax the affected vessels by diverting venous flows in other directions. In these cases, relapses occur frequently. In the postoperative period, do not visit the bath, sauna, walk less and do not lift heavy things.

Phlebologist's opinion:

The use of compression stockings with elastic bandage is not only necessary for sports. With their help, the initial symptoms of varicose veins are treated. If done correctly, venous blood circulation improves. Often these treatments are prescribed for an indefinite period. Medications can be prescribed at any stage of varicose veins development. If the tablets are used madly to treat a disease, the situation can get worse. After a month, when patients begin to follow the doctor's recommendations, they can eliminate the various manifestations on the surface of the legs. Medications have an effect that eliminates inflammation. These are angioprotectants, phlebotonics, disinfectants or anticoagulants.

Reviews

• The first answer, a 39-year-old woman: "Symptoms of varicose veins of the legs were given about a year ago. It is my mother's inherited disease. Often at the same time vascular atherosclerosis In this case, in my case, folk methods did not help relieve pain, I had varicose veins. I started prophylaxis too late. The disease reached the small pelvis. I consulted a specialist. He examined all the affected areas. He will prescribe a special course of treatment that will relieve all unpleasant external manifestations in about a month. Do not use all these grandmother's methods. Only phlebologists will help to find a cure. They know everything about varicose veins problems. "
• The second opinion, a 52-year-old woman: "Despite constant monitoring of his health, varicose veins appeared. I always go only to the doctors involved in the initial examination and diagnosis. The whole course took 3-4 weeks. Then I was already engaged in completely preventive and restorative procedures. "Now a little exercise, proper nutrition, yes, that's all. The disease has receded and I hope I will not return. "